Trembling thoughts:Oral Health, orofacial pain and dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease

The general aim of this thesis was to further our knowledge on the umbrella term “oral health” in patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD), including oral hygiene, oral health and diseases (e.g., gingivitis, periodontitis, tooth decay, and tooth loss) and orofacial pain and dysfunction (e.g., temporomandibular disorders (TMD) pain, limited jaw movements, and bruxism). The thesis is divided into two parts: (i) oral health and diseases in PD patients (Chapters 2-5) and (ii) orofacial pain and dysfunction in PD patients (Chapters 6-9). Based on the outcomes of the studies included in this thesis, it can be concluded that oral health in its broadest sense is worse in PD patients than in healthy controls. When improving oral health care in this vulnerable patient group is deemed desirable by all stakeholders, we must acknowledge the difficulties experienced by the (oral) health practitioners working with these patients to establish a well-oiled interdisciplinary collaboration

Sleep characteristics across the lifespan in 1.1 million people from the Netherlands, United Kingdom and United States: a systematic review and meta-analysis

How long does the average person sleep? Here, Kocevska et al. conducted a meta-analysis including over 1.1 million people to produce age- and sex-specific population reference charts for sleep duration and efficiency.We aimed to obtain reliable reference charts for sleep duration, estimate the prevalence of sleep complaints across the lifespan and identify risk indicators of poor sleep. Studies were identified through systematic literature search in Embase, Medline and Web of Science (9 August 2019) and through personal contacts. Eligible studies had to be published between 2000 and 2017 with data on sleep assessed with questionnaires including >= 100 participants from the general population. We assembled individual participant data from 200,358 people (aged 1-100 years, 55% female) from 36 studies from the Netherlands, 471,759 people (40-69 years, 55.5% female) from the United Kingdom and 409,617 people (>= 18 years, 55.8% female) from the United States. One in four people slept less than age-specific recommendations, but only 5.8% slept outside of the 'acceptable' sleep duration. Among teenagers, 51.5% reported total sleep times (TST) of less than the recommended 8-10 h and 18% report daytime sleepiness. In adults (>= 18 years), poor sleep quality (13.3%) and insomnia symptoms (9.6-19.4%) were more prevalent than short sleep duration (6.5% with TST = 9 h in bed, whereas poor sleep quality was more frequent in those spending = 41 years) reported sleeping shorter times or slightly less efficiently than men, whereas with actigraphy they were estimated to sleep longer and more efficiently than man. This study provides age- and sex-specific population reference charts for sleep duration and efficiency which can help guide personalized advice on sleep length and preventive practices.Pathophysiology, epidemiology and therapy of agein

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Patient-based experiences with the use of an ambulatory electromyographic device for the assessment of masticatory muscle activity during sleep

Background: It is important to know how easy or difficult it is to use an ambulatory electromyographic (EMG) device for sleep bruxism assessment, and how this might affect its future utilisation. Objective: To explore the experience of individuals using an EMG device that pairs with a smartphone app, in order to detect factors that could facilitate and/or hamper its utilisation in future scientific research. Methods: Fifteen adults were recruited in the Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction Clinic of the Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA). Overnight recordings were performed in the home setting during one week. Time investment, feelings and thoughts, encountered difficulties and reasons for not using the device were assessed in a diary through open-ended questions and 5-point Likert scales. Content analysis of textual data was performed, and descriptives of quantitative data were calculated. Results: Time investment was low (mean 10.2 minutes in the clinic, and 1.9 minutes per recording at home). Quantitative data showed an overall good experience (median of 4). Qualitative diary data showed that the desire to gain insight into one's masticatory muscle activity formed the main motivation to use the device. Device detachment and difficulty in using the app were the most prominent negative experiences. Conclusion: The EMG device was well accepted for multiple overnight recordings. Curiosity for gaining insight into muscle activity was the most important factor that facilitated its use, and the app addressed this need. Device detachment and difficulties in using the app were the main factors that hampered its use

Patient‐based experiences with the use of an ambulatory electromyographic device for the assessment of masticatory muscle activity during sleep

Background: It is important to know how easy or difficult it is to use an ambulatory electromyographic (EMG) device for sleep bruxism assessment, and how this might affect its future utilisation. Objective: To explore the experience of individuals using an EMG device that pairs with a smartphone app, in order to detect factors that could facilitate and/or hamper its utilisation in future scientific research. Methods: Fifteen adults were recruited in the Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction Clinic of the Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA). Overnight recordings were performed in the home setting during one week. Time investment, feelings and thoughts, encountered difficulties and reasons for not using the device were assessed in a diary through open-ended questions and 5-point Likert scales. Content analysis of textual data was performed, and descriptives of quantitative data were calculated. Results: Time investment was low (mean 10.2 minutes in the clinic, and 1.9 minutes per recording at home). Quantitative data showed an overall good experience (median of 4). Qualitative diary data showed that the desire to gain insight into one's masticatory muscle activity formed the main motivation to use the device. Device detachment and difficulty in using the app were the most prominent negative experiences. Conclusion: The EMG device was well accepted for multiple overnight recordings. Curiosity for gaining insight into muscle activity was the most important factor that facilitated its use, and the app addressed this need. Device detachment and difficulties in using the app were the main factors that hampered its use

Vroege orale symptomen van de ziekte van Parkinson

Een huistandarts stelde bij een 58-jarige man vast dat zijn mondverzorging opeens niet goed meer was. Vervolgens viel het de ingeschakelde mondhygiënist op dat de handvaardigheid van de man tekortschoot. Via de huisarts werd de man verwezen naar een neuroloog die de diagnose ziekte van Parkinson stelde. Door deze problematiek bleef de man ongeveer een jaar uit beeld bij de huistandarts. Daarna is een traject van intensieve begeleiding bij het mondzorggedrag in gang gezet. Gezien de progressiviteit van de ziekte van Parkinson is het op dit moment zaak te streven naar een levensloopbestendige mondgezondheid. De huistandarts dient zich daarbij te realiseren dat hij een blijvende zorgverlenende en begeleidende taak heeft tot het tijdstip waarop mantelzorg en thuiszorg niet meer toereikend of goed realiseerbaar zijn en opname in een woonzorgcentrum onvermijdelijk is. Pas daarna kan de huistandarts deze verantwoordelijkheid eventueel overdragen aan een aan het desbetreffende woonzorgcentrum verbonden tandarts-geriatrie